How to make lighting for the bath?

  1. Standards for lighting baths and saunas
  2. Network design lighting bath
  3. Lighting steam room
  4. Lighting washing
  5. Pool and recreation lighting
  6. Installation of lighting network in the bath
  7. Conclusion

How to make the right lighting in the bath?

Lighting for saunas and baths must meet a variety of norms and requirements. After all, it is not a secret to anyone that these rooms belong to particularly raw and hot. This is confirmed by p.2.28 of the BCH 59 - 88.

And heat and moisture are not the best "friends" of electrical energy. Therefore, when creating a lighting network for a bath, we should take all measures to eliminate the possibility of short circuits and fires as a result of damage to the wiring or electrical equipment.

Standards for lighting baths and saunas

First of all, let us dwell on the norms that impose regulatory documents for the lighting of baths and saunas. As it is known, the bath consists of at least two rooms for a steam room and a washing room. But in most cases, the bath still has a relaxation room, and sometimes a pool. And the illumination standards of all these bath elements are strikingly different.

And the illumination standards of all these bath elements are strikingly different

Steam lighting standards

So:

  • Lighting in the steam bath should be at least 75 lux . In this case, the normalized surface is the floor of the room. Therefore, even if you are a fan of the twilight in the steam room, you should take this fact into account. By the way, the same standard applies to washing, shower and dressing rooms in the bath.
  • In the bath room, the rest should be quite comfortable atmosphere . Therefore, the lighting rate here is 150 lux. It is interesting that this illumination should be provided at a height of 0.8 meters above the floor. That is approximately at the level of the table or the knees of a seated person.
  • If you plan to install a swimming pool in the bath, then you should highlight it at 100 lx . This should be enough for a comfortable swimming and out of the pool.

If you are going to make an electrical network in the bath with your own hands, then the standards for the level of protection of lamps installed in the bath will be interesting for you. This will help us p.2.30 VSN 59 - 88.

According to these standards in a steam bath it is allowed to use incandescent lamps, fluorescent and even gas-discharge lamps with a level of protection not lower than IP. But in terms of protection there are other limitations that we will consider below. At the same time, incandescent or fluorescent lamps are recommended. And do not turn to those who say that fluorescent lamps from such a temperature can explode.

Note! The level of protection against dust and moisture is indicated by the abbreviation IP. The numbers after the abbreviation indicate the level of protection. The higher the first digit, the higher the level of protection against dust. The higher the second digit, the higher the level of protection against moisture.

By the way, the lighting in the steam room and washing bath is now often realized through special fog lights. They have a special frosted glass and even with a thick pair create the proper illumination of the room.

Proper lighting in the bath

It is also allowed to use any lamps with a level of protection not lower than IP for lighting pools. But it is recommended to use incandescent lamps. For lighting of recreation areas, changing rooms and other similar premises, you can use any lamps with any level of protection. After all, these rooms do not belong to particularly wet or hot.

Network design lighting bath

Before proceeding directly to the installation of lighting for the bath and sauna should be carefully considered. We must decide where to place the lamps, what type of wiring we choose and how we will install it. Indeed, for different rooms baths have their own standards.

Lighting steam room

Of course one of the main premises is a steam room. It is quite hot and humid here. Therefore, increased demands are placed on this room.

So:

  • First of all, you should decide on the placement of lamps. They should be positioned so as not to hit in the eye. This is achieved by placing them in the corners, or above the entrance.
  • Lamps for lighting baths should have a protective glass . This eliminates the possibility of splashes on the lamp, as well as the likelihood of mechanical damage to the lamp.

Lighting steam room

Note! In the steam room there is a high probability of touching the protective glass, which may cause a burn. Therefore, quite often the lamps are decorated with wooden sconces. Although this reduces the illumination of the room, it excludes injuries from contact with the lamp.

  • I would also like to stop at the wiring method, for the lighting network in the steam room (see Rules for the installation of electrical wiring: consider in detail ). As you know, there are only two such methods - open and hidden. Installation is possible by both methods. Usually the wiring is hidden under a layer of wood trim. This is called a hidden laying method. It will require you to protect the wire with a non-combustible material (usually a special plastic corrugation is used for this), as well as a special non-combustible material lining. Usually, asbestos cloth is used as such. And the canvas should protrude beyond the edge of the wire by not less than 10 mm.
  • If you are installing wiring on the outside of the steam room trim, then this is an open installation method . It will only require you to apply protection from a fire-resistant material.

Lighting washing

Lighting the sink in the bath should meet an even greater number of restrictions. After all, this room is not inferior in humidity, or even surpasses the steam room. Therefore, there are special areas for electrical safety.

Therefore, there are special areas for electrical safety

Lighting washing in the bath

  • Zone number 0 is the shower zone. It is limited by the conditional plane of the shower tray and in height reaches the shower head itself. The placement of any electrical appliances is prohibited in this zone. The only exceptions are devices that operate on 12V mains and have a corresponding protection class. At the same time, power supplies should be located outside this area.
  • Zone 1 is the conditional plane above the shower head. There also can not be placed any electrical appliances. The exceptions are electric heaters with an appropriate class of protection.
  • Only in zone 2 you can install lights. The boundaries of this zone begin from the area of ​​the pallet and end at a distance of 60 cm from it. Luminaires installed in this zone, according to clause 7.1.47 of the OES, should have a protection class of at least IP × 5.
  • In the last fourth zone, which starts 60 cm from the shower tray, it is allowed to install any lights and even sockets.

Note! If your bath is intended not only for personal use, then according to clause 7.1.47 of the OES, all lamps in zones 3 and 4 should be with a level of protection not less than IP × 5.

  • Installation of the wire, as well as lighting in the steam bath, can be done in a hidden and open way. Since this room is no longer necessarily lined with wood, in this case, the OLC recommends the use of hidden wiring. If open wiring is used, then it should not run in zones 0, 1 and 2.

Pool and recreation lighting

With lighting the rest of the rooms in the bath is much easier. Everything is logical here and there are no additional requirements.

Everything is logical here and there are no additional requirements

Choosing lighting for the pool in the bath

  • To create a general lighting above the pool can be used any lamps. At the same time, they must be located in zone three of electrical safety and have adequate protection.
  • Also for swimming pools often used lamps interior lighting. Usually they are powered from a 12V network and have the appropriate performance.
  • In the recreation area, in addition to general lighting, decorative lighting is often used. General lighting sold by one or more chandeliers. It is interesting to look a few sconces on several walls.
  • It is worth considering here that the overhead light gives significantly less shadows. Therefore, when installing chandeliers (see How to connect the wires in the chandelier with their own hands ) or spot lighting will require fewer lamps. At the same time, in order to achieve an ideal result, our instruction advises using combined lighting - that is, the presence of top and side lighting fixtures.
  • As for the decorative lighting, here you can easily show imagination. It can be diode tapes, fiber optic lamps, and a variety of decorative lamps. There are practically no restrictions for fantasy.

The photo shows a 220 / 12V transformer for a pool lighting network.

  • As for the wiring, there are some differences. Since the rest room does not apply to particularly wet or simply wet rooms, the use of steel corrugations is permitted here. Therefore, if the rest room has a wooden finish, and you want to perform exactly the hidden wiring, then instead of adjusting the asbestos cloth and plastic corrugations, you can apply metal corrugation or pipe.
  • If the room is made of fireproof materials, then the hidden wiring is laid, as in the apartment. Open wiring for wooden rooms is installed in the same way as a steam room.
  • In the bath rest room it will be right to place several outlets. They may be required to connect a TV, speaker system, kettle, hairdryer or just to recharge your mobile phone.
  • Sockets should be located in places of their use. At the same time there are no special requirements for them, and the wiring is mounted in the same way as for lighting in the bath in the rest room.

Installation of lighting network in the bath

Once we have decided where and what lamps will stand, how many sockets will be in the rest room and the locker room, as well as how to install the wiring, you can proceed directly to the installation. And here there are a few more rules that are definitely worth mentioning.

So:

  • Any electrical network starts with a panel board. It is forbidden to have it in the bath.
  • For the entire network of sockets and lighting in the bath is usually enough of one group. This group, according to clause 7.1.48, ПУЭ, should be equipped with an RCD device for a leakage current not exceeding 30 mA. If in the bath there is a powerful heating or pumping electrical equipment, then it should be powered from separate group machines.

The automatic machine of UZO for installation on the group line of a bath

  • Lighting in the bath, if its building is located separately, should start a cable or overhead line. At the same time it is necessary to comply with the standards of PUE.
  • Internal wiring of the bath should be done in such a way that in the steam room and in the washing room we did not have junction boxes. This requires clause 7.1.52 PUE. Therefore, all junction boxes must be made in the locker room or room for rest.
  • As for the location of the switches, there are also limitations. Switches should not be installed in the steam rooms and in the washing rooms. They must be installed in adjacent rooms.
  • If you plan to create a 12V network for lighting the pool, then we recommend that you and the lighting network for the steam room be of this voltage class. Transformer 220 / 12V should be located in the recreation area or in the locker room. In any case, it should not be located in wet areas of the bath.

Conclusion

As you can see the installation of a network of lighting baths is not very difficult. But here it is important to pay attention to all aspects and norms. After all, the price of ignoring these rules can be very high. Otherwise, if you have elementary knowledge in electrical engineering, you can easily complete the installation yourself. A video on our site will help you with this.

Расчет высокопрочных болтов на растяжение

Особенности расчета на прочность элементов, ослабленных отверстиями под высокопрочные болты:
При статической нагрузке, если ослабление менее 15 °/о, расчет ведется по площади брутто А, а если ослабление больше 15 %—по условной площади Лусл = 1,18 Ап.

Монтажные стыки

Монтажные стыки делают при невозможности транспортирования элементов в целом виде.
Монтажные стыки для удобства сборки устраивают универсальными: все прокатные элементы балки соединяют в одном сечении.

Проверка прочности

Проверка прочности сечения на опоре балки по касательным напряжениям:
Балочной клеткой называется система перекрестных балок, предназначенная для опирания настила при устройстве перекрытия над какой-либо площадью.